What are some potential side effects of antipsychotic medications?

Antipsychotic medications can have a range of side effects due to their action on various neurotransmitter systems in the brain. One of the more common groups of side effects includes sedation, which can result in drowsiness or a feeling of being tired throughout the day. Weight gain is another significant concern associated with many antipsychotics; they can influence metabolic processes and appetite, leading to increased body weight over time.

Extrapyramidal symptoms are particularly noteworthy as they include drug-induced movement disorders such as tremors, rigidity, and tardive dyskinesia. These can occur due to the medications' impact on dopamine pathways that control movement. Understanding these potential side effects is crucial for monitoring and managing the well-being of individuals taking these medications.

In contrast, the other options presented—improved mood and energy, weight loss and increased alertness, and reduced anxiety and enhanced focus—do not accurately represent common effects of antipsychotic medications. These are more aligned with other classes of medications, such as antidepressants or stimulants, and do not typically characterize the use of antipsychotics.